Hot rolled I-beam
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Steel Structure
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Steels with various geometrical cross-sections rolled from heated billets. According to the different shape of the section steel, it is divided into three types: simple section, complex section or special-shaped section and periodic section.
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Steels with various geometrical cross-sections rolled from heated billets. According to the different shape of the section steel, it is divided into three types: simple section, complex section or special-shaped section and periodic section.
①The characteristic of a simple section is that the tangent line passing through any point on the periphery of the section generally does not intersect in the section, such as round steel, square steel, hexagonal steel, flat steel, triangular steel, bow-shaped steel and elliptical steel.
②Complex sections include angle steel, I-beam, channel steel, T-beam, H-beam, Z-beam, rail, steel sheet pile, window frame steel and other miscellaneous section steel;
③ Periodic section is the periodic change of the shape and size of the section along the length of the steel, such as rebar, axle and plowshare steel.
According to the size of the section steel, it is divided into three types: large section steel, medium section steel and small section steel.
Hot-rolled steel for construction in China is currently mainly made of ordinary carbon steel grade A No. 3 steel (carbon content 0.14-0.22%), which is characterized by easy smelting, low cost, moderate strength, good plasticity and weldability, suitable for Used in construction projects.
Most of the low-alloy steel hot-rolled section steel is hot-rolled threaded steel bar and section steel rolled with 16Mn, and the special-shaped section section steel is used less. Compared with ordinary I-beam, H-beam has the advantages of large section modulus, light weight, less steel, and easy combination and connection with other components.
In China, hot-rolled section steel has become one of the most widely used materials in various infrastructure constructions, such as rebar, axle and ploughshare steel, according to the size of the section. Machinery, chemical industry, shipbuilding, mining, petroleum and railway sectors all use various types of hot-rolled steel. In construction projects, hot-rolled steel is mainly used for industrial and civil houses, load-bearing skeletons of bridges (beams, columns, trusses, etc.), tower mast structures, high-voltage transmission line supports, etc.
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Features of Z-shaped steel: In addition to its high strength, steel saving and other excellent properties, Z-shaped steel is particularly convenient and fast to install, and the material is Q195-345.
Large span structure. As the span of the structure increases, the proportion of the self-weight of the structure in the total load is also larger, and the reduction of the self-weight can obtain obvious economic benefits. For large-span structures, the advantages of light-weight steel structures are particularly prominent. The gymnasium in Shanghai, my country, which can accommodate 80,000 people, is an elliptical building with a spatial steel roof structure composed of radial cantilever lattices and circumferential trusses. The long axis is 288.4m, the short axis is 274.4m, and the maximum cantilever span of the roof is 73.5m. The Runyang Yangtze River Bridge was completed and opened to traffic in 2005. The main bridge in Nanhan is a single-hole double-hinged steel box girder suspension bridge with a main span of 1490m, which is currently the first in China and the third in the world.
Steel structures are used in various buildings and engineering structures, and there are many types. According to their connection methods, they can be divided into welded structures, bolted structures and riveted structures. Welded connection is the most important connection method for steel structures at present. Its advantages are simple structure, material saving, easy processing, and automatic operation. But welding can cause structural deformation and generate residual stress.
High strength and light weight. The strength of steel is high and the modulus of elasticity is also high, so the steel structural members are small and light. There are steels of various strength grades. Even the steels with lower strengths generally have a lower density-to-strength ratio than those of concrete and wood. Therefore, under the same stress conditions, the steel structure has a small self-weight and can be made into a larger span. Structure. Because the rod is small, it occupies less space, and is also convenient for transportation and installation.
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